Hello Yoko
Meet Yoko, the AI-assisted feedback system designed to support students in mathematics.
Written by
Bonnie Nieves
STEM teacher, Curriculum Designer, Speaker, Author
Introduction
This manual provides an overview of the theoretical framework behind Yoko, the AI-assisted feedback system, used to support students in mathematics. It explains the different levels of student support, the specific scenarios addressed by the AI, and how these strategies are designed to enhance student learning and engagement.
How Yoko Works
Yoko leverages advanced algorithms and machine learning to analyze student responses in real time. These responses can be typed into the app or uploaded images. Here’s a step-by-step overview of how it works:
Why Math Teachers Should Use Smartschool
Benefit to Teachers
Benefit to Students
How Math Teachers Use Smartschool
Student Support Levels
The teacher has complete control over the type and amount of feedback students receive.
No AI Assistance: No guidance is provided. Feedback is limited to correct and incorrect solutions.
Level 1: Brief hints and suggestions for advanced students who only need a nudge in the right direction.
Level 2: Hints and explanations for students who have some understanding of the material but need additional guidance or clarification on certain points.
Level 3: Thorough, step-by-step guidance designed to support students with learning gaps.
Level 1
Basic Feedback
Student Profile
Characteristics: This student is fully capable of completing the work and may need to be challenged, may be rushing and make minor arithmetic errors. They require very few hints and thrive on more complex problems.
Needs: Challenges to deepen their understanding and minimal guidance to promote independent problem-solving.
Feedback Goals: Challenge the student, minimize hints, and encourage critical thinking and exploration of alternative solutions.
Level 2
Intermediate Feedback
Student Profile
Characteristics: This student has some practice with the topic but is not yet confident. They can follow along but may need occasional guidance.
Needs: Encouragement to build confidence, with hints provided sparingly to promote independent thinking.
Feedback Goals: Foster confidence, encourage independent problem-solving, and provide minimal hints to guide the student only when necessary.
Level 3
Advanced Feedback
Student Profile
Characteristics: This student is unfamiliar with the topic and does not know where to start. They need positive reinforcement and encouragement.
Needs: Clear guidance on where to begin and step-by-step hints to build their understanding and confidence.
Feedback Goals: Build foundational knowledge, provide encouragement, and use hints liberally to guide the student through the initial steps.
Theoretical Framework
Yoko has been trained in educational theories and practices that support students with varying levels of needs. The system has been divided into three levels based on scaffolded needs and provides tailored feedback to help students succeed. The key theories and principles include:
AI-Assisted Feedback Scenarios
Yoko provides feedback in student-friendly language across various scenarios that students commonly encounter in math learning. Below are the scenarios and examples of support.
Scenario
Student Misunderstanding of a Concept
Theory: Differentiated Instruction and Scaffolding
Support Strategy: Yoko identifies where the misunderstanding occurs and provides tailored hints or rephrased explanations to guide the student toward understanding.
Example Feedback: "It looks like you're having trouble with this concept. I’m here to help. Let’s look at this in a different way."
Scenario
Repeated Errors in Calculation
Theory: Scaffolding and Positive Reinforcement
Support Strategy: Yoko helps students identify and correct repeated errors by breaking down the steps and providing examples, reinforcing correct methods, and encouraging persistence.
Example Feedback: "I noticed you're making the same mistake in your calculations. Let's break down the steps together and try a similar problem to reinforce the correct method."
Scenario
Minor Errors
Theory: Metacognition and Positive Reinforcement
Support Strategy: Yoko assists students in recognizing and correcting minor mistakes, helping them develop self-checking habits, and reinforcing their understanding through positive feedback.
Example Feedback: "Great job on most of the problem! 🙌 You made a small error in the last step. Let's review it together."
Scenario
Rushing Through Problems
Theory: Metacognition and Growth Mindset
Support Strategy: Yoko encourages students to slow down, check their work, and understand the importance of careful problem-solving. It provides prompts to review steps and reflect on their approach.
Example Feedback: "It seems like you rushed through this problem. Remember, taking your time and checking each step can help you avoid mistakes. Let's go over it again slowly."
Scenario
Gaps in Understanding Due to Missed Instruction or Learning Loss
Theory: Scaffolding and Differentiated Instruction
Support Strategy: Yoko helps bridge gaps by revisiting fundamental concepts, providing step-by-step instructions, and offering additional examples to reinforce learning.
Example Feedback: "Let's review the basics and work through some additional examples to strengthen your understanding."
Smartschool vs. ChatGPT
The Power of Fine-Tuned AI
Yoko provides feedback in student-friendly language across various scenarios that students commonly encounter in math learning. Below are the scenarios and examples of support.